2004 Venezuelan recall referendum
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The Venezuelan recall referendum of 15 August 2004 was a referendum to determine whether Hugo Chávez, then President of Venezuela, should be recalled from office. The recall referendum was announced on 8 June 2004 by the National Electoral Council (CNE) after the Venezuelan opposition succeeded in collecting the number of signatures required by the 1999 Constitution to effect a recall. The result of the referendum was not to recall Chávez (59% no).
The opposition Coordinadora Democrática declared that fraud had taken place and published a preliminary report supporting the conclusions. The Carter Center, the electoral observers and other analysts denied fraud, saying the referendum was performed in a free and fair manner. The Carter Center released a paper and statistical analysis at the request of the NGO Súmate to evaluate a study by Ricardo Hausmann and Roberto Rigobon, reaffirming the center's original conclusions.
Statistical evaluations published in 2006 and 2011 have argued that fraud was committed, but this is contested by organizations that observed the election, such as the Carter Center.