Vijñāna
| Translations of Vijñāna | |
|---|---|
| English | discernment (Hinduism & Buddhism); understanding, knowledge (Hinduism); consciousness, mind, life force (Buddhism) |
| Sanskrit | विज्ञान (vijñāna) |
| Pali | विञ्ञाण (viññāṇa) |
| Burmese | ဝိညာဉ် (MLCTS: wḭ ɲɪ̀ɰ̃) |
| Chinese | 識 (T) / 识 (S) (Pinyin: shí) |
| Indonesian | kesadaran; pengetahu |
| Japanese | 識 (shiki) |
| Khmer | វិញ្ញាណ (UNGEGN: vĭnhnhéan) |
| Korean | 식/識 (sik) |
| Sinhala | විඥ්ඥාන |
| Tibetan | རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་ (sna'i rnam par shes pa) |
| Tagalog | ᜊᜒᜈᜀᜈᜀ (binana) |
| Thai | วิญญาณ (RTGS: winyan) |
| Vietnamese | 識 (thức) |
| Glossary of Buddhism | |
Vijñāna (Sanskrit: विज्ञान) or viññāṇa (Pali: विञ्ञाण) is translated as "consciousness", "life force", "mind", or "discernment".
The term vijñāna is mentioned in many early Upanishads, where it has been translated by terms such as understanding, knowledge, and intelligence.
In the Pāli Canon's Sutta Pitaka's first four nikāyas, viññāṇa is one of three overlapping Pali terms used to refer to the mind, the others being manas and citta. Each is used in the generic and non-technical sense of "mind" in general, but the three are sometimes used in sequence to refer to one's mental processes as a whole. Their primary uses are, however, distinct.