Violent non-state actors at sea

Violent non-state actors at sea includes all violent non-state actors that engage in naval, amphibious or littoral violence or warfare.

These include:

  • Actual navies, such as the Sea Tigers, one of the most successful non-state navies in the 20th century;
  • Other actors, such as pirates that play a navy-like role in place of a failed state, and
  • Non-malicious actors such as Neptune's Navy. This is an example of a non-armed, violent non-state actor at sea, as they nevertheless have engaged in violence.

Both Neptune's Navy and pirates are also examples of non-state actors whose role is a matter of perspective. Neptune's Navy believe themselves to be environmentalist, while the ICRW and the Japanese government have labeled them terrorists. And pirates off the coast of Somalia claim to be "freedom fighters", defending Somali waters from pollution and foreign access.

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