Wulf and Eadwacer

Wulf and Eadwacer
"Eadwacer"
"Wulf"
Exeter Book (Exeter Cathedral Library MS 3501), the manuscript in which Wulf and Eadwacer is recorded
Author(s)Unknown
LanguageWest Saxon dialect of Old English
Datec. AD 970–990 (date of manuscript)
Manuscript(s)Exeter Book (Exeter Cathedral Library MS 3501)
GenreOld English elegiac poetry
Verse formAlliterative verse
Length19 lines

"Wulf and Eadwacer" ([wuɫf ɑnd ˈæ͜ɑːd.wɑtʃ.er], approximately ADD-watcher) is an Old English poem in alliterative verse of famously difficult interpretation. It has been variously characterised, (modernly) as an elegy, (historically) as a riddle, and (in speculation on the poem's pre-history) as a song or ballad with refrain. The poem is narrated in the first person, most likely with a woman's voice. Because the audience is given so little information about her situation, some scholars argue the story was well-known, and that the unnamed speaker corresponds to named figures from other stories, for example, to Signý or that the characters Wulf and Eadwacer correspond to Theoderic the Great and his rival Odoacer. The poem's only extant text is found at folios 100v-101r in the tenth-century Exeter Book, alongside other texts to which it possesses qualitative similarities.