Yuri Orlov

Yuri Fyodorovich Orlov
Yuri Fyodorovich Orlov
Юрий Фёдорович Орлов
	Orlov in 1986
Born	13 August 1924; Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
Died	27 September 2020 (aged 96); Ithaca, New York, U.S.
Nationality	Russian
Citizenship	Soviet Union (1924–1986); Stateless (1986–1990); Soviet Union (1990–1991); Stateless (1991–1993); United States (1993–2020);
Alma mater	Moscow State University, Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
Known for	his scientific work and participation in human rights movement in the Soviet Union
Spouses	Galina Papkevich; Irina Lagunova; Irina Valitova; Sidney Orlov;
Children	sons Dmitri, Aleksandr, Lev
Awards	Carter-Menil Human Rights Prize (1986), honorary doctorate Uppsala University (1990) Nicholson Medal for Humanitarian Service (1995), Andrei Sakharov Prize (APS) (2006), Robert R. Wilson Prize for Achievement in the Physics of Particle Accelerators American Physical Society (2020)
	Scientific career
Fields	Accelerator physics, Nuclear physics
Institutions	Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics; Yerevan Physics Institute; Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism and Propagation of Radio Waves; Cornell University; American Academy of Arts and Sciences; Soviet section of Amnesty International; Moscow Helsinki Group;

Yuri Fyodorovich Orlov (Russian: Ю́рий Фёдорович Орло́в, 13 August 1924 – 27 September 2020) was a particle accelerator physicist, human rights activist, Soviet dissident, founder of the Moscow Helsinki Group, a founding member of the Soviet Amnesty International group. He was declared a prisoner of conscience while serving nine years in prison and internal exile for monitoring the Helsinki human rights accords, he was declared a prisoner of conscience by Amnesty International as a founder of the human rights movement in the Soviet Union. Following his release from exile, Orlov was allowed to emigrate to the U.S. and became a professor of physics at Cornell University.