2025 India–Pakistan crisis

Following the Pahalgam terrorist attack on 22 April 2025, a crisis emerged between India and Pakistan, sparked by the killing of 25 Indian tourists by the militants in Kashmir. The Resistance Front (TRF) initially claimed responsibility for the attack. Armed skirmishes between India and Pakistan were reported along the Line of Control (LoC) beginning on 24 April. On 7 May 2025, India launched missile strikes in Pakistan, leading to a military conflict between the two countries. On 7 May 2025 Pakistan's Army responded by launching a blitz on Poonch, Jammu killing 16 civilians and leaving hundreds of homes destroyed. A ceasefire was announced on 10 May 2025 following an agreement between India and Pakistan.

The crisis emerged between the two countries after the Pahalgam terrorist attack, as India accused Pakistan of sponsoring the militants, though Pakistan denied its involvement. India initiated with the expulsion of Pakistani diplomats, recalling its diplomatic staff, suspending visa services, and suspending the Indus Waters Treaty,. Pakistan suggested an international inquiry into the terrorist attack, which India rejected. Pakistan initially responded with trade restrictions, closure of airspace and border crossings, and suspension of the Shimla Agreement. Between 24 April and 6 May, Pakistan and India engaged in skirmishes including cross-border firing and intermittent artillery shelling.

On 7 May 2025, India launched missile strikes on Pakistan, codenamed Operation Sindoor. According to India, the missile strikes targeted the militant groups Jaish-e-Mohammed and Lashkar-e-Taiba. According to Pakistan, the Indian strikes targeted civilian areas, including mosques, killing 31 Pakistani civilians. In return, Pakistan said they had downed a number of Indian jets and damaged Indian infrastructure. On 7 May 2025, Pakistan launched a mortar attack on Jammu and Kashmir, killing one Indian solider, 16 civilians, including a Sikh temple Ragi and 12-year-old twins, and leaving 43 wounded. It was believed to be the heaviest shelling attack since the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971, and destroyed 31 schools, hundreds of homes, and a Sikh temple. The military hostilities continued until a ceasefire was reached on 10 May 2025.