Α-Pinene

α-Pinene
(+)-α-pinene	(−)-α-pinene
Names
	IUPAC name (1S,5S)-2,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene ((−)-α-Pinene)
Identifiers
CAS Number	80-56-8 unspecified ; (+): 7785-70-8 ; (−): 7785-26-4 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:36740 unspecified ; (+): CHEBI:28261 ; (−): CHEBI:28660 ;
ChemSpider	389795 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.161
EC Number	(−): 232-077-3;
KEGG	C06308 ;
PubChem CID	440968;
RTECS number	DT7000000 (unspec. isomer);
UNII	JPF3YI7O34 unspecified ; (+): H6CM4TWH1W ; (−): TZR3GM95PR ;
UN number	2368
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2029290 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C10H16/c1-7-4-5-8-6-9(7)10(8,2)3/h4,8-9H,5-6H2,1-3H3/t8-,9-/m0/s1 Key: GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N ; InChI=1/C10H16/c1-7-4-5-8-6-9(7)10(8,2)3/h4,8-9H,5-6H2,1-3H3/t8-,9-/m0/s1 Key: GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBBG;
	SMILES C\1=C(\[C@@H]2C[C@H](C/1)C2(C)C)C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C10H16
Molar mass	136.238 g·mol−1
Appearance	Clear colorless liquid
Density	0.858 g/mL (liquid at 20 °C)
Melting point	−62.80 °C; −81.04 °F; 210.35 K
Boiling point	155 °C (311 °F; 428 K)
Solubility in water	Very low
Solubility	Insoluble in chloroform, diethyl ether
Solubility in acetic acid	Miscible
Solubility in ethanol	Miscible
Solubility in acetone	Miscible
Vapor pressure	0.5 kPa
Chiral rotation ([α]D)	−50.7° (1S,5S-Pinene)
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Flammable
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H226, H302, H304, H315, H317, H410
Precautionary statements	P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P272, P273, P280, P301+P310, P301+P312, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P321, P330, P331, P332+P313, P333+P313, P362, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P235, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	3 3 0
Flash point	33 °C (91 °F; 306 K)
Autoignition; temperature	255 °C (491 °F; 528 K)
Explosive limits	0.8% v/v (lower); 6% v/v (upper)
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	300-2000 mg/kg (rat, oral); > 5 g/kg (rabbit, dermal)
LC50 (median concentration)	625 ppm/min (rat)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	Fisher Scientific
Related compounds
Related alkene	β-pinene, camphene, 3-carene, limonene
Related compounds	borneol, camphor, terpineol
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

α-Pinene is an organic compound of the terpene class. It is one of the two isomers of pinene, the other being β-pinene. An alkene, it contains a strained four-membered ring. It is found in the oils of many species of coniferous trees, notably Pinus and Picea species. It is also found in the essential oil of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and Satureja myrtifolia (also known as Zoufa in some regions). Both enantiomers are known in nature; (1S,5S)- or (−)-α-pinene is more common in European pines, whereas the (1R,5R)- or (+)-α-isomer is more common in North America. The enantiomers' racemic mixture is present in some oils such as eucalyptus oil and orange peel oil.