Anti-Soviet resistance by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army

Anti-Soviet resistance by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army
	Part of Eastern Front (World War II) and anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe
	; UPA partisans in 1947
Date	1944–1960
Location	Western Ukraine (Galicia, Volyn, Polissya), Transcarpathia, Northern Bukovina, Podillya, Western Belarus
Result	Soviet victory
Belligerents
Ukrainian Insurgent Army	Soviet Union Ukrainian SSR;
Commanders and leaders
Stepan Bandera X; Dmytro Hrytsai ; Dmytro Klyachkivsky †; Roman Shukhevych †; Mykola Lebed; Vasyl Sydor †; Vasyl Kuk (POW)	Joseph Stalin; Lavrentiy Beria; Nikita Khrushchev; Vsevolod Merkulov; Viktor Abakumov; Ivan Serov; Nikolai Bulganin; Aleksandr Vasilevsky; Georgy Zhukov; Ivan Konev; Nikolai Vatutin †; Pavel Sudoplatov; Timofei Strokach; Pavlo Meshyk; Lt. Gen. Moskolenko †; Aleksey Dergachev †
Units involved
Self-defense Kushch Units (1944–1946); UPA South (1944–1946); UPA North (1944–1951); UPA West (1944–1949); Sluzhba Bezpeky; (1944–1951)	Soviet Armed Forces; Internal troops; Soviet partisans (1944); Extermination battalions
Strength
UPA total:; 20,000–200,000	Galicia (1944):; 500,000+
Casualties and losses
Soviet claim:; 153,000 killed; 134,000 arrested; 203,000 deported; Independent estimate:; 56,600 killed98,846 killed; 104,990 arrested; 48,800 deserted	Soviet claim:; 8,340 killed; CIA estimate:; 35,000 killed; Independent estimate:; 25,000 killed9,621 killed; 1,343 wounded; 2,456 missing5,635 killed; 588 missing; 8,612 wounded
	30,000 Soviet civilians killed

The anti-Soviet resistance by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (Ukrainska Povstanska Armiya, UPA) was a guerrilla war waged by Ukrainian nationalist partisan formations against the Soviet Union in the western regions of the Ukrainian SSR and southwestern regions of the Byelorussian SSR, during and after World War II. With the Red Army forces successful counteroffensive against the Nazi Germany and their invasion into western Ukraine in July 1944, UPA resisted the Red Army's advancement with full-scale guerrilla war, holding up 200,000 Soviet soldiers, particularly in the countryside, and was supplying intelligence to the Nazi Sicherheitsdienst (SD) security service.

One major UPA victory against the Soviet Union was the killing of a high ranking Soviet General Nikolai Vatutin. According to Soviet documents during the conflict, a total of 153,000 people were killed, 134,000 arrested, and 203,000 deported by the Soviet authorities, mostly in the years 1944–1945. At the same time, OUN-UPA killed 30,676 people in the years 1944–1953, and 8,340 of them were soldiers. UHVR claimed that UPA killed 35,000 Soviet state security officers from 1945 to January 1951 and Lt. Gen. Moskolenko in 1948, with CIA covert operations chief Frank Wisner estimating the same figure.