Free fatty acid receptor 2

FFAR2
Identifiers
Aliases	FFAR2, GPR43, free fatty acid receptor 2, FFA2
External IDs	OMIM: 603823; MGI: 2441731; HomoloGene: 133911; GeneCards: FFAR2; OMA:FFAR2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (human)
End	35,451,767 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 7 (mouse)
End	30,523,200 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	blood; ; granulocyte; ; periodontal fiber; ; monocyte; ; gonad; ; spleen; ; appendix; ; bone marrow; ; testicle; ; sural nerve;
	Top expressed in
	granulocyte; ; Paneth cell; ; white adipose tissue; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue; ; islet of Langerhans; ; tibiofemoral joint; ; bone marrow; ; spleen; ; retinal pigment epithelium; ; zygote;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor activity; signal transducer activity; protein binding; lipid binding;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; cell projection; membrane; plasma membrane; integral component of plasma membrane;
Biological process	mucosal immune response; glucose homeostasis; immune system process; positive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response; leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response; lipid storage; cellular response to fatty acid; positive regulation of acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus; cell surface pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of chemokine production; inflammatory response; regulation of peptide hormone secretion; fat cell differentiation; regulation of acute inflammatory response; signal transduction; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	2867
	233079
	ENSG00000126262
	ENSMUSG00000051314
	O15552
	Q8VCK6
	NM_005306; NM_001370087
	NM_001168509; NM_001168510; NM_001168511; NM_001168512; NM_146187
	NP_005297; NP_001357016
	NP_001161981; NP_001161982; NP_001161983; NP_001161984; NP_666299
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2), also known as G-protein coupled receptor 43 (GPR43), is a rhodopsin-like G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) encoded by the FFAR2 gene. In humans, the FFAR2 gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 19 at position 13.12 (19q13.12).

FFAR2, like other GPCRs, is located on the cell membrane and is activated by binding specific ligands, regulating various cellular functions. FFAR2 is part of the free fatty acid receptor family, which also includes FFAR1 (GPR40), FFAR3 (GPR41), and FFAR4 (GPR120). FFAR2 and FFAR3 are activated by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), while FFAR1 and FFAR4 respond to long-chain fatty acids.

SCFAs, produced by intestinal bacteria, play a key role in various bodily functions by activating FFAR2. This receptor is implicated in regulating insulin and glucose levels, inflammation, fat tissue development, and certain cancerous and non-cancerous cell growth. Due to its role in these processes, FFAR2 has been studied for its potential involvement in conditions such as diabetes, inflammation, obesity, ketoacidosis, certain types of cancer, neurological diseases, and infections.

Therapies targeting FFAR2 are being developed to modulate its activity in these conditions, offering potential new treatments for diseases influenced by SCFAs.