First Austrian Republic
Republic of Austria | |||||||||
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| 1919–1934 | |||||||||
| Anthem: Deutschösterreich, du herrliches Land "German-Austria, you wonderful country" (1920–1929) Sei gesegnet ohne Ende (English: "Be Blessed Without End") (1929–1934) | |||||||||
The First Austrian Republic in 1930 | |||||||||
| Capital and largest city | Vienna | ||||||||
| Common languages | German (Austrian German) | ||||||||
| Religion | Christianity (Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Protestant), Judaism | ||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Austrian | ||||||||
| Government | Federal parliamentary republic | ||||||||
| President | |||||||||
• 1919–1920 | Karl Seitz | ||||||||
• 1920–1928 | Michael Hainisch | ||||||||
• 1928–1934 | Wilhelm Miklas | ||||||||
| Chancellor | |||||||||
• 1919–1920 (first) | Karl Renner | ||||||||
• 1932–1934 (last) | Engelbert Dollfuss | ||||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | ||||||||
• Upper chamber | Federal Council | ||||||||
• Lower chamber | National Council | ||||||||
| Historical era | Interwar period | ||||||||
| 10 September 1919 | |||||||||
| 15 July 1927 | |||||||||
| 4–15 March 1933 | |||||||||
| 12–15 February 1934 | |||||||||
| 1 May 1934 | |||||||||
| Currency | Austrian krone (1919–1924) Austrian schilling (1924–1938) | ||||||||
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| Today part of | Austria | ||||||||
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| History of Austria |
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| Austria portal |
The First Austrian Republic (German: Erste Österreichische Republik), officially the Republic of Austria, was created after the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye on 10 September 1919—the settlement after the end of World War I which ended the Habsburg rump state of Republic of German-Austria—and ended with the establishment of the authoritarian Federal State of Austria based upon a dictatorship of Engelbert Dollfuss and the Fatherland Front in 1934. The Republic's constitution was enacted on 1 October 1920 and amended on 7 December 1929. The republican period was increasingly marked by violent strife between those with left-wing and right-wing views, leading to the July Revolt of 1927 and the Austrian Civil War of 1934.