Formamide
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Formamide | |||
| Systematic IUPAC name
Methanamide | |||
| Other names
Carbamaldehyde | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.766 | ||
| EC Number |
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| KEGG | |||
PubChem CID |
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| UNII | |||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |||
| CH3NO | |||
| Molar mass | 45.04 g/mol | ||
| Appearance | Colorless, oily liquid | ||
| Density | 1.133 g/cm3 | ||
| Melting point | 2 to 3 °C (36 to 37 °F; 275 to 276 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 210 °C (410 °F; 483 K) | ||
| Miscible | |||
| Vapor pressure | 0.08 mmHg at 20 °C | ||
| Acidity (pKa) | 23.5 (in DMSO) | ||
| −2.19×10−5 cm3/mol | |||
| Hazards | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
| Flash point | 154 °C (309 °F; 427 K) (closed cup) | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
none | ||
REL (Recommended) |
TWA 10 ppm (15 mg/m3) [skin] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
N.D. | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related compounds |
Carbamic acid Dimethylformamide | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
Formamide is an amide derived from formic acid. It is a colorless liquid which is miscible with water and has an ammonia-like odor. It is chemical feedstock for the manufacture of sulfa drugs and other pharmaceuticals, herbicides and pesticides, and in the manufacture of hydrocyanic acid. It has been used as a softener for paper and fiber. It is a solvent for many ionic compounds. It has also been used as a solvent for resins and plasticizers. Some astrobiologists suggest that it may be an alternative to water as the main solvent in other forms of life.
Formamides are compounds of the type RR′NCHO. One important formamide is dimethylformamide, (CH3)2NCHO.