Glutathione peroxidase 2

GPX2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2HE3
Identifiers
Aliases	GPX2, GI-GPx, GPRP, GPRP-2, GPx-2, GPx-GI, GSHPX-GI, GSHPx-2, glutathione peroxidase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 138319; MGI: 106609; HomoloGene: 20479; GeneCards: GPX2; OMA:GPX2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 14 (human)
End	64,942,746 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 12 (mouse)
End	76,842,273 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	gallbladder; ; rectum; ; mucosa of sigmoid colon; ; mucosa of transverse colon; ; pancreatic ductal cell; ; islet of Langerhans; ; mucosa of ileum; ; nasal epithelium; ; right lobe of liver; ; olfactory zone of nasal mucosa;
	Top expressed in
	crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine; ; esophagus; ; large intestine; ; colon; ; duodenum; ; jejunum; ; left colon; ; mucous cell of stomach; ; epithelium of bronchus; ; epithelium of stomach;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	electron transfer activity; oxidoreductase activity; glutathione peroxidase activity; peroxidase activity;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; cytosol;
Biological process	response to oxidative stress; cellular oxidant detoxification; cellular response to oxidative stress; electron transport chain;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	2877
	14776
	ENSG00000176153
	ENSMUSG00000042808
	P18283
	Q9JHC0
	NM_002083
	NM_030677
	NP_002074
	NP_109602
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Glutathione peroxidase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPX2 gene.

This gene is a member of the glutathione peroxidase family encoding a selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase that is one of two isoenzymes responsible for the majority of the glutathione-dependent hydrogen peroxide-reducing activity in the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Studies in knockout mice indicate that mRNA expression levels respond to luminal microflora, suggesting a role of the ileal glutathione peroxidases in preventing inflammation in the GI tract.

The antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 2 (Gpx2) is one out of eight known glutathione peroxidases (Gpx1-8) in humans. Mammalian Gpx1, GPx2 (this protein), Gpx3, and Gpx4 have been shown to be selenium-containing enzymes, whereas Gpx6 is a selenoprotein in humans with cysteine-containing homologues in rodents. In selenoproteins, the 21st amino acid selenocysteine is inserted in the nascent polypeptide chain during the process of translational recoding of the UGA stop codon.