Hydroxylamine
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Azinous acid | |
| Preferred IUPAC name
Hydroxylamine (only preselected) | |
Other names
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.327 |
| EC Number |
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| 478 | |
| KEGG | |
| MeSH | Hydroxylamine |
PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| NH2OH | |
| Molar mass | 33.030 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Vivid white, opaque crystals |
| Density | 1.21 g cm−3 (at 20 °C) |
| Melting point | 33 °C (91 °F; 306 K) |
| Boiling point | 58 °C (136 °F; 331 K) /22 mm Hg (decomposes) |
| Soluble | |
| log P | −0.758 |
| Acidity (pKa) | 6.03 ([NH3OH]+) |
| Basicity (pKb) | 7.97 |
| Structure | |
| Tricoordinated at N, dicoordinated at O | |
| Trigonal pyramidal at N, bent at O | |
| 0.67553 D | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
46.47 J/(K·mol) |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
236.18 J/(K·mol) |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−39.9 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
| Danger | |
| H200, H290, H302, H312, H315, H317, H318, H335, H351, H373, H400 | |
| P201, P202, P234, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P281, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P333+P313, P362, P363, P372, P373, P380, P390, P391, P401, P403+P233, P404, P405, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | 129 °C (264 °F; 402 K) |
| 265 °C (509 °F; 538 K) | |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
408 mg/kg (oral, mouse); 59–70 mg/kg (intraperitoneal mouse, rat); 29 mg/kg (subcutaneous, rat) |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | ICSC 0661 |
| Related compounds | |
Related hydroxylammonium salts |
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Related compounds |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |
Hydroxylamine (also known as hydroxyammonia) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula NH2OH. The compound exists as hygroscopic colorless crystals. Hydroxylamine is almost always provided and used as an aqueous solution or more often as one of its salts such as hydroxylammonium sulfate, a water-soluble solid.
Hydroxylamine and its salts are consumed almost exclusively to produce Nylon-6. The oxidation of NH3 to hydroxylamine is a step in biological nitrification.