MDA5

IFIH1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2RQB, 3B6E, 3GA3, 4GL2
Identifiers
Aliases	IFIH1, AGS7, Hlcd, IDDM19, MDA-5, MDA5, RLR-2, SGMRT1, interferon induced with helicase C domain 1, IMD95
External IDs	OMIM: 606951; MGI: 1918836; HomoloGene: 32535; GeneCards: IFIH1; OMA:IFIH1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 2 (human)
End	162,318,684 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 2 (mouse)
End	62,476,599 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	palpebral conjunctiva; ; parotid gland; ; jejunal mucosa; ; monocyte; ; epithelium of nasopharynx; ; sperm; ; parietal pleura; ; visceral pleura; ; appendix; ; germinal epithelium;
	Top expressed in
	mucous cell of stomach; ; conjunctival fornix; ; jejunum; ; intestinal epithelium; ; left colon; ; left lobe of liver; ; Paneth cell; ; intestinal villus; ; vestibular membrane of cochlear duct; ; epithelium of small intestine;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	DNA binding; nucleotide binding; helicase activity; zinc ion binding; metal ion binding; protein binding; single-stranded RNA binding; RNA binding; double-stranded RNA binding; ribonucleoprotein complex binding; hydrolase activity; ATP binding; identical protein binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; cytosol; nucleus;
Biological process	positive regulation of interferon-alpha production; MDA-5 signaling pathway; immune system process; response to virus; protein sumoylation; cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway in response to virus; negative regulation of type I interferon production; detection of virus; viral process; innate immune response; regulation of type III interferon production; positive regulation of interferon-beta production; protein deubiquitination; positive regulation of response to cytokine stimulus; cellular response to exogenous dsRNA; defense response to virus;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	64135
	71586
	ENSG00000115267
	ENSMUSG00000026896
	Q9BYX4
	Q8R5F7
	NM_022168
	NM_001164477; NM_027835
	NP_071451
	NP_001157949; NP_082111
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

MDA5 (melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5) is a RIG-I-like receptor dsRNA helicase enzyme that is encoded by the IFIH1 gene in humans. MDA5 is part of the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) family, which also includes RIG-I and LGP2, and functions as a pattern recognition receptor capable of detecting viruses. It is generally believed that MDA5 recognizes double stranded RNA (dsRNA) over 2000nts in length, however it has been shown that whilst MDA5 can detect and bind to cytoplasmic dsRNA, it is also activated by a high molecular weight RNA complex composed of ssRNA and dsRNA. For many viruses, effective MDA5-mediated antiviral responses are dependent on functionally active LGP2. The signaling cascades in MDA5 is initiated via CARD domain. Some observations made in cancer cells show that MDA5 also interacts with cellular RNA is able to induce an autoinflammatory response.