Josei Tennō

Josei Tennō (女性天皇)
Creation date686
Created byEmpress Jitō
First holderEmpress Suiko (posthumously)
Empress Jitō (officially)
Last holderEmpress Go-Sakuramachi
Subsidiary titlesNone
StatusExtinct (unless Japan allows female rulers again)
Extinction date1889 (under the Imperial House Law of 1889, which barred women from ruling)
SupportersAbout 90% of Japanese people support the idea of a reigning empress (according to a 2024 survey)

Josei Tennō (女性天皇) is a Japanese term referring to an empress regnant. Unlike the title Kōgō, which refers only to an empress consort, Josei Tennō only refers to a reigning empress. Tennō is the title for the Emperor; the addition of the term josei (女性, woman) distinguishes that the emperor is a woman; therefore, a reigning empress.