Lötschberg Base Tunnel

Lötschberg Base Tunnel
The Lötschberg Base Tunnel together with the century-old Simplon Rail Tunnel form the western part of the NRLA project
(yellow: major tunnels, red: existing main tracks, numbers: year of completion)
Overview
Official nameGerman: Lötschberg Basis Tunnel
LineLötschberg Line
LocationTraversing the Bernese Alps in Switzerland
Coordinates46°34′41″N 7°38′56″E / 46.578°N 7.649°E / 46.578; 7.649 (Lötschberg Base Tunnel, northern portal)46°18′32″N 7°49′55″E / 46.309°N 7.832°E / 46.309; 7.832 (Lötschberg Base Tunnel, southern portal)
SystemBLS, SBB CFF FFS
StartFrutigen, canton of Bern, 780 m (2,560 ft)
EndRaron, canton of Valais, 654 m (2,146 ft)
Operation
Work begun5 July 1999
Opened14 June 2007
OwnerBLS NETZ AG
OperatorBLS
TrafficRailway
CharacterPassenger, Freight
Technical
Length34.5766 km (21.4849 mi)
No. of tracksOne single-track tube for 20km, two single-track tubes for 14km
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) (standard gauge)
Electrified15 kV 16.7 Hz
Operating speed
  • Passenger (service):
  • 200 km/h (125 mph)
  • Maximum (technical):
  • 250 km/h (155 mph)
Highest elevation828 m (2,717 ft)
Lowest elevation654 m (2,146 ft) (south portal)
Grade3–13
Route map
elev (M)
or length (m)
in metres
8.29
Reichenbach im Kandertal
706 M
10.28
Wengi-Ey junction
11.87
Wengi
13.54
Frutigen
779 M
Engstlige tunnel
~2,600 m
Widi tunnel
~220 m
14.26
Tellenfeld control office
14.65
Frutigen (north) portal
778 M
34,577 m
787 M
unexcavated section
22.02
Mitholz
806 M
western tube
partly completed
29.45
827 M
35.22
Ferden Nord
767 M
both tubes in operation
south of Ferden Nord
43.84
Steg junction (unfinished)
670 M
Steg portal
Raron (south) portal
Rhône bridges
554│817 m
50.12
133.40
St. Germain junction
647 M
136.66
Visp
650 M
145.55
Brig
681 M

The Lötschberg Base Tunnel (LBT) is a 34.57 km (21.48 mi) railway base tunnel on the BLS AG's Lötschberg line cutting through the Bernese Alps of Switzerland some 400 m (1,300 ft) below the older Lötschberg Tunnel. It runs between Frutigen, Bern, and Raron, Valais.

The Lötschberg Base Tunnel was built as one of two centrepieces of the New Railway Link through the Alps. Construction of the LBT began in 1999 and achieved breakthrough during 2005. It was completed in June 2007 and the first train operations began in December 2007. This initial project was estimated to cost SFr4.3 billion ($3.59 billion).

The LBT was saturated within a few years of opening due to a 21 km (13 mi) single-track section. Without a second bore, its overall capacity is greatly reduced. During 2016, a planning contract was awarded for the completion of the second track of the LBT, which has been estimated to cost 1 billion Swiss francs. The resulting plan was presented in spring 2019. In early 2024, Parliament decided to complete the second bore, with an estimated cost of SFr 1.7 billion.