Neutrophil elastase

ELANE
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1B0F, 1H1B, 1HNE, 1PPF, 1PPG, 2RG3, 2Z7F, 3Q76, 3Q77, 4NZL, 4WVP, 5A09, 5A0A, 5A0B, 5A0C, 5ABW
Identifiers
Aliases	ELANE, ELA2, GE, HLE, HNE, NE, PMN-E, SCN1, elastase, neutrophil expressed
External IDs	OMIM: 130130; MGI: 2679229; HomoloGene: 20455; GeneCards: ELANE; OMA:ELANE - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (human)
End	856,247 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 10 (mouse)
End	79,724,049 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	bone marrow; ; bone marrow cells; ; monocyte; ; blood; ; spleen; ; granulocyte; ; right lung; ; apex of heart; ; gastric mucosa; ; upper lobe of left lung;
	Top expressed in
	tibiofemoral joint; ; granulocyte; ; fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell; ; body of femur; ; bone marrow; ; ankle joint; ; Ileal epithelium; ; spleen; ; ankle; ; olfactory epithelium;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	transcription corepressor activity; heparin binding; endopeptidase activity; protease binding; peptidase activity; protein binding; serine-type peptidase activity; hydrolase activity; cytokine binding; serine-type endopeptidase activity;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; transcription repressor complex; secretory granule; extracellular region; cell surface; extracellular exosome; extracellular space; azurophil granule lumen; specific granule lumen; collagen-containing extracellular matrix;
Biological process	response to yeast; positive regulation of MAP kinase activity; negative regulation of chemotaxis; cellular calcium ion homeostasis; extracellular matrix disassembly; acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; defense response to fungus; proteolysis; response to lipopolysaccharide; positive regulation of immune response; protein catabolic process; defense response to bacterium; phagocytosis; neutrophil-mediated killing of fungus; negative regulation of inflammatory response; response to UV; leukocyte migration; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response; positive regulation of leukocyte tethering or rolling; antimicrobial humoral response; neutrophil degranulation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1991
	50701
	ENSG00000277571; ENSG00000197561
	ENSMUSG00000020125
	P08246
	Q3UP87
	NM_001972
	NM_015779
	NP_001963
	NP_056594
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Neutrophil elastase (EC 3.4.21.37, leukocyte elastase, ELANE, ELA2, elastase 2, neutrophil, elaszym, serine elastase, subtype human leukocyte elastase (HLE)) is a serine proteinase in the same family as chymotrypsin and has broad substrate specificity. Neutrophil elastase is secreted by neutrophils during inflammation, and destroys bacteria and host tissue. It also localizes to neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), via its high affinity for DNA, an unusual property for serine proteases.

As with other serine proteinases it contains a charge relay system composed of the catalytic triad of histidine, aspartate, and serine residues that are dispersed throughout the primary sequence of the polypeptide but that are brought together in the three dimensional conformation of the folded protein. The gene encoding neutrophil elastase, ELA2, consists of five exons. Neutrophil elastase is closely related to other cytotoxic immune serine proteases, such as the granzymes and cathepsin G. It is more distantly related to the digestive CELA1.

The neutrophil form of elastase (EC 3.4.21.37) is 218 amino acids long, with two asparagine-linked carbohydrate chains (see glycosylation). It is present in azurophil granules in the neutrophil cytoplasm. There appear to be two forms of neutrophil elastase, termed IIa and IIb.