Li Lisan line

The Li Lisan line was the 1930 military campaign by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP, or the Communists) to achieve strategic victory in the Chinese Civil War against the Kuomintang-led (KMT) Republic of China (ROC) by seizing urban areas. It was developed by Li Lisan, the party leader. The offensive quickly failed. The Chinese Red Army was stopped as it advanced northward to Wuhan and retreated back to its southern rural base areas. Support among urban workers - which the party had overestimated - did not materialize. The Red Army stopped attacking to prepare for the ROC's first encirclement campaign against the Jiangxi Soviet.

The failure of the Li Lisan line shifted the CCP's strategy from urban- to rural-based revolution. The change, accompanied by leadership changes, allowed Mao Zedong - an advocate of rural-based revolution - to emerge with greater influence within the party.

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