Magnesium chloride

Magnesium chloride
Names
	Other names Magnesium dichloride;
Identifiers
CAS Number	7786-30-3 ; 7791-18-6 (hexahydrate) ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image; Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:6636 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200547 ;
ChemSpider	22987 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.176
EC Number	232-094-6;
E number	E511 (acidity regulators, ...)
Gmelin Reference	9305
PubChem CID	24584;
RTECS number	OM2975000;
UNII	59XN63C8VM ; 02F3473H9O (hexahydrate) ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5034690 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/2ClH.Mg/h21H;/q;;+2/p-2 Key: TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ; InChI=1S/2ClH.Mg/h21H;/q;;+2/p-2;
	SMILES Cl[Mg]Cl; [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-];
Properties
Chemical formula	MgCl2
Molar mass	95.211 g/mol (anhydrous); 203.31 g/mol (hexahydrate)
Appearance	white or colourless crystalline solid
Density	2.32 g/cm3 (anhydrous); 1.569 g/cm3 (hexahydrate)
Melting point	714 °C (1,317 °F; 987 K) ; anhydrous; 117 °C (243 °F; 390 K); hexahydrate on rapid heating; slow heating leads to decomposition from 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K)
Boiling point	1,412 °C (2,574 °F; 1,685 K)
Solubility in water	Anhydrous:; 52.9 g/(100 mL) (0 °C); 54.3 g/(100 mL) (20 °C); 72.6 g/(100 mL) (100 °C);
Solubility	slightly soluble in acetone, pyridine
Solubility in ethanol	7.4 g/(100 mL) (30 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−47.4·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.675 (anhydrous) ; 1.569 (hexahydrate)
Structure
Crystal structure	CdCl2
Coordination geometry	(octahedral, 6-coordinate)
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	71.09 J/(mol·K)
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	89.88 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−641.1 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵)	−591.6 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	A12CC01 (WHO) B05XA11 (WHO)
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Irritant
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H319, H335
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	2800 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0764
Related compounds
Other anions	Magnesium fluoride; Magnesium bromide; Magnesium iodide;
Other cations	Beryllium chloride; Calcium chloride; Strontium chloride; Barium chloride; Radium chloride;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Magnesium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula Mg Cl₂. It forms hydrates MgCl₂·nH₂O, where n can range from 1 to 12. These salts are colorless or white solids that are highly soluble in water. These compounds and their solutions, both of which occur in nature, have a variety of practical uses. Anhydrous magnesium chloride is the principal precursor to magnesium metal, which is produced on a large scale. Hydrated magnesium chloride is the form most readily available.

Names


Other names Magnesium dichloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	7786-30-3^Y 7791-18-6 (hexahydrate)^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:6636^Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1200547^N
ChemSpider	22987^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.176
EC Number	232-094-6
E number	E511 (acidity regulators, ...)
Gmelin Reference	9305
PubChem CID	24584
RTECS number	OM2975000
UNII	59XN63C8VM^Y 02F3473H9O (hexahydrate)^Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5034690
InChI InChI=1S/2ClH.Mg/h21H;/q;;+2/p-2^Y Key: TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L^Y InChI=1S/2ClH.Mg/h21H;/q;;+2/p-2
SMILES Cl[Mg]Cl [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-]
Properties
Chemical formula	MgCl₂
Molar mass	95.211 g/mol (anhydrous) 203.31 g/mol (hexahydrate)
Appearance	white or colourless crystalline solid
Density	2.32 g/cm³ (anhydrous) 1.569 g/cm³ (hexahydrate)
Melting point	714 °C (1,317 °F; 987 K) anhydrous 117 °C (243 °F; 390 K) hexahydrate on rapid heating; slow heating leads to decomposition from 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K)
Boiling point	1,412 °C (2,574 °F; 1,685 K)
Solubility in water	Anhydrous: 52.9 g/(100 mL) (0 °C) 54.3 g/(100 mL) (20 °C) 72.6 g/(100 mL) (100 °C)
Solubility	slightly soluble in acetone, pyridine
Solubility in ethanol	7.4 g/(100 mL) (30 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−47.4·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol
Refractive index (n_D)	1.675 (anhydrous) 1.569 (hexahydrate)
Structure
Crystal structure	CdCl₂
Coordination geometry	(octahedral, 6-coordinate)
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	71.09 J/(mol·K)
Std molar entropy (S^⦵₂₉₈)	89.88 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of formation (Δ_fH^⦵₂₉₈)	−641.1 kJ/mol
Gibbs free energy (Δ_fG^⦵)	−591.6 kJ/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	A12CC01 (WHO) B05XA11 (WHO)
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Irritant
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H319, H335
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	1 0 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD₅₀ (median dose)	2800 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0764
Related compounds
Other anions	Magnesium fluoride Magnesium bromide Magnesium iodide
Other cations	Beryllium chloride Calcium chloride Strontium chloride Barium chloride Radium chloride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references