Qarmatians
Qarmatians قرامطة | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 899–1077 | |||||||||
Qarmatians under Abu Tahir al-Jannabi in 930. | |||||||||
| Capital | Al-Ahsa | ||||||||
| Religion | Isma'ilism | ||||||||
| Demonym(s) | Qarmatian | ||||||||
| Government | Theocracy | ||||||||
| Ruler | |||||||||
• 894–914 | Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi | ||||||||
• 914–944 | Abu Tahir al-Jannabi | ||||||||
• 944–970 | Ahmad Abu Tahir | ||||||||
• 968–977 | Al-Hasan al-A'sam | ||||||||
• 970–972 | Abul Kassim Sa'id | ||||||||
• 972–977 | Abu Yaqub Yousuf | ||||||||
| Historical era | Islamic Golden Age (4th Islamic century) | ||||||||
| 765 | |||||||||
| 899 | |||||||||
| 930 | |||||||||
| 931 | |||||||||
• Black Stone returned | 952 | ||||||||
• Defeated by the Abbasids | 976 | ||||||||
| 1077 | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Qarmatians | |
|---|---|
| قرامطة | |
| Founder | Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi |
| Dates of operation | 899–1077 |
| Active regions | Bahrayn, Mesopotamia, Najd, Hejaz, Levant, Egypt |
| Ideology | Isma'ilism Extremism Socialism Islamic socialism Utopian socialism |
| Opponents | Abbasid Caliphate Fatimid Caliphate Uyunid Emirate Seljuk Empire |
| Battles and wars | Capture of Bahrayn (899) Battle of Hama (903) Sack of Basra (923) Hajj caravan raid (924) Invasion of Iraq (928) Sack of Mecca (930) Invasions of Egypt (971) Overthrow of the Qarmatians (1058–1077) |
| Part of a series on Islam Isma'ilism |
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The Qarmatians (Arabic: قرامطة, romanized: Qarāmiṭa; Persian: قرمطیان, romanized: Qarmatiyān) were a militant Isma'ili Shia movement centred in Al-Ahsa in Eastern Arabia, where they established a religious state in 899 CE. Its members were part of a movement that adhered to a syncretic branch of Sevener Ismaili Shia Islam, and were ruled by a dynasty founded by Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi. They rejected the claim of Fatimid Caliph Abdallah al-Mahdi Billah to imamate and clung to their belief in the coming of the Mahdi, and they revolted against the Fatimid and Abbasid Caliphates.
Mecca was sacked by a Qarmatian leader, Abu Tahir al-Jannabi, outraging the Muslim world, particularly with their theft of the Black Stone and desecration of the Zamzam Well with corpses during the Hajj season of 930 CE.