Sidónio Pais
Sidónio Pais | |
|---|---|
Official portrait, 1918 | |
| 4th President of Portugal | |
| In office 9 May 1918 – 14 December 1918 | |
| Prime Minister | Himself (de facto) |
| Preceded by | Bernardino Machado |
| Succeeded by | João do Canto e Castro |
| Prime Minister of Portugal | |
| In office 11 December 1917 – 14 December 1918 | |
| President | Cabinet (ex officio) Himself (acting) |
| Preceded by | Revolutionary Junta |
| Succeeded by | João do Canto e Castro |
| President of the Revolutionary Junta | |
| In office 8 December 1917 – 11 December 1917 | |
| President | Bernardino Machado |
| Preceded by | Afonso Costa (Prime Minister) |
| Succeeded by | Himself (Prime Minister) |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 11 December 1917 – 9 May 1918 | |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Revolutionary Junta |
| Succeeded by | Francisco Xavier Esteves |
| Minister of War | |
| In office 11 December 1917 – 9 May 1918 | |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Revolutionary Junta |
| Succeeded by | João Tamagnini Barbosa |
| Ambassador of Portugal to Germany | |
| In office 17 September 1912 – 10 March 1916 | |
| Nominated by | Manuel de Arriaga |
| Preceded by | Viscount of Pindela |
| Succeeded by | José Maria Lambertini Pinto |
| Minister of Finance | |
| In office 12 November 1911 – 16 June 1912 | |
| Prime Minister | Augusto de Vasconcelos |
| Preceded by | Duarte Leite |
| Succeeded by | António Vicente Ferreira |
| Minister of Commerce and Public Works | |
| In office 4 September 1911 – 12 November 1911 | |
| Prime Minister | João Chagas |
| Preceded by | Manuel de Brito Camacho |
| Succeeded by | Estêvão de Vasconcelos |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies | |
| In office 15 June 1911 – 26 November 1912 | |
| Constituency | Aveiro |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais 1 May 1872 Caminha, Kingdom of Portugal |
| Died | 14 December 1918 (aged 46) St. Joseph Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal |
| Manner of death | Assassination |
| Resting place | National Pantheon, Lisbon, Portugal |
| Political party | National Republican (Sidonist) |
| Spouse |
Maria dos Prazeres Martins Bessa
(m. 1895) |
| Relations | Bernardo Sassetti (great-grandson) |
| Children | 6 |
| Education | Liceu de Viana do Castelo |
| Alma mater | Military Academy University of Coimbra |
| Signature | |
| Nickname | President-King |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Portugal |
| Branch/service | Portuguese Army |
| Years of service | 1888–1918 |
| Rank | Major |
Sidónio Bernardino Cardoso da Silva Pais CavC OA CavA (1 May 1872 – 14 December 1918) nicknamed "the President-King" (o Presidente-Rei), was the 4th president of Portugal, serving in 1918. A Portuguese politician, military officer, and diplomat he served as prime minister, minister of war and minister of foreign affairs from 1917 to 1918, minister of finance from 1911 to 1912, and minister of commerce and public works in 1911. His time in politics turned him into one of the most divisive figures in modern Portuguese history, having been referred to by writer Fernando Pessoa as the "President-King", a description that stuck in later years and symbolizes his regime. He is the only Portuguese president to have been assassinated, and the 3rd Portuguese head of state to die a violent death.