44th Canadian Parliament

The 44th Canadian Parliament was in session from 22 November 2021 to 23 March 2025, with the membership of the House of Commons having been determined by the results of the 2021 federal election held on 20 September. Parliament officially resumed on 22 November with the re-election of Speaker Anthony Rota, and the Speech from the Throne was read by Governor General Mary Simon the following day.

The 44th Parliament corresponded to a Liberal Party minority government under the premiership of Justin Trudeau, with Trudeau succeeded by Mark Carney for its final nine days. Six months into the first session, on 22 March 2022, it was announced that the New Democratic Party would support the government with confidence and supply measures. The support was contingent on the government implementing a pharmacare program and a dental care program. The temporary Canada Dental Benefit was established in December 2022, and the permanent Canadian Dental Care Plan began rolling out in December 2023. The NDP ended their confidence and supply arrangement with the Liberal government on 4 September 2024.

On 6 January 2025, amid political pressure, Trudeau announced that he would resign as leader of the Liberal Party and as prime minister once his successor was elected. He also advised the Governor General to proroge Parliament until 24 March while his successor was determined, thus ending the first session of the 44th Parliament; he stated that "despite best efforts to work through it, Parliament has been paralyzed for months."

Mark Carney was elected as Liberal leader on 9 March and was appointed prime minister on 14 March. Carney advised the Governor General to dissolve Parliament on 23 March, triggering a general election on 28 April.