Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)
| Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Ottoman–Habsburg wars and Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718) | |||||||||
The Battle of Petrovaradin by Jan Pieter van Bredael | |||||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
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Eugene of Savoy Alexander von Württemberg Antoniotto Adorno János Pálffy Maurice de Saxe Alessandro Maffei |
Ali Pasha † Halil Pasha Numan Pasha Ibrahim Pasha Tahir Pasha Mihai Racoviță Nicholas Mavrocordatos (POW) John Mavrocordatos | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| 40,000 | 46,000 | ||||||||
The Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718) was fought between Habsburg monarchy and the Ottoman Empire. The 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz was not an acceptable permanent agreement for the Ottoman Empire. Twelve years after Karlowitz, it began the long-term prospect of taking revenge for its defeat at the Battle of Vienna in 1683. First, the army of Turkish Grand Vizier Baltacı Mehmet defeated Peter the Great's Russian Army in the Russo-Turkish War (1710–1711). Then, during the Ottoman–Venetian War (1714–1718), Ottoman Grand Vizier Damat Ali reconquered the Morea from the Venetians. As the guarantor of the Treaty of Karlowitz, the Austrians threatened the Ottoman Empire, which caused it to declare war in April 1716.
On 2 August 1716, the first engagement of the war took place at the Battle of Karlowitz, which resulted in an Ottoman victory. Three days later, Prince Eugene of Savoy defeated the Turks at the Battle of Petrovaradin. The Banat and its capital, Temesvár, were conquered by Prince Eugene in October 1716. The following year, after the Austrians captured Belgrade, the Turks sought peace, and the Treaty of Passarowitz was signed on 21 July 1718.
The Habsburgs gained control of Lower Syrmia, the city of Temesvár (the last Ottoman fortress in Hungary) and its region (establishing the Banat of Temeswar), and also gained Belgrade with portions of central Serbia and Bosnian sections of Posavina. Principality of Wallachia (an autonomous Ottoman vassal) ceded Oltenia (Lesser Wallachia) to the Habsburg monarchy, which established the Banat of Craiova. The Turks retained control only of the territory south of the Danube river. The pact stipulated for Venice to surrender the Morea to the Ottomans, but it retained the Ionian Islands and also made some minor gains in border regions of Ottoman Bosnia, thus extending the Venetian Dalmatia.