First Iraqi–Kurdish War

First Iraqi–Kurdish War
	Part of the Iraqi–Kurdish conflict and the Arab–Israeli conflict
	Clockwise from top left: Iraqi Army officers stationed in northern Iraq, 1966; Kurdish rebel leaders at an Israel Defense Forces (IDF) field hospital in northern Iraq, c. 1960s; Iraqi Vice President Saddam Hussein meeting Kurdish leader Mustafa Barzani prior to signing the Iraqi–Kurdish Autonomy Agreement and ending hostilities, 1970;
Date	11 September 1961 – March 1970
Location	Northern Iraq
Result	Military stalemate Iraqi–Kurdish Autonomy Agreement; Arabization program continued; Second Iraqi–Kurdish War in 1974;
Belligerents
KDP; Supported by:; Iran; Israel; United States (alleged)	Before 1968:; Iraq; Syria (1963); Supported by:; United States (from 1963); Egypt (1965)After 1968:; Ba'athist Iraq
Commanders and leaders
Mustafa Barzani; Ahmed Barzani; Ibrahim Ahmad; Jalal Talabani; Ali Askari; Kamal Mufti; Margaret George Shello X; Hurmiz Malik Chikko †	Abdul Karim Qasim Abdul Salam Arif; Abdul Rahman Arif; Ahmed al-Bakr; Saddam Hussein
Strength
15,000–20,000	48,000 (1969); 6,000
Casualties and losses
Unknown	5,000–10,000 killed
	Total: 100,000 killed

The First Iraqi–Kurdish War (Arabic: لحرب العراقية الكردية الأولى), also known as the September Revolution (Kurdish: شۆڕشی ئەیلوول), was an armed conflict and major event of the Iraqi–Kurdish conflict, lasting from 1961 until 1970. The conflict was led by Mustafa Barzani, in an attempt to establish an independent Kurdistan. Throughout the 1960s, the insurgency escalated into a long war, which failed to resolve despite internal power changes in Iraq. During the war, 80% of the Iraqi army was engaged in combat with the Kurds. A series of Iraqi–Kurdish negotiations followed the war in an attempt to resolve the conflict, ultimately leading to the Iraqi–Kurdish Autonomy Agreement of 1970.