Second Iraqi–Kurdish War

Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
Part of the Iraqi–Kurdish conflict and the Cold War
Date1974–1975
(1 year)
Location
Northern Iraq
Result

Iraqi victory

  • KDP military and strategic failure
  • Peshmerga fighting ability destroyed
  • KDP–Iraq cease-fire
  • Failed PUK low-level insurgency
  • Iran withdrew its support for KDP
  • 1975 Algiers Agreement
Territorial
changes
Iraqi government reinstates full control over Kurdish-majority territories
Belligerents
Iraq
Supported by:
 Soviet Union
KDP
Iran
Supported by:
 Israel
 United States
Commanders and leaders
Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
Saddam Hussein
Mustafa Barzani
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Strength
90,000 troops
1,200 tanks and AFVs
200 aircraft (not all engaged)
100,000–110,000 fighters
350,000 troops
Casualties and losses
2,500 killed 15,000–20,000 killed
Total: 7,000+ to 20,000 killed
600,000 displaced
280,000 Kurds fled to Iran

The Second Iraqi–Kurdish War was the second chapter of the Barzani rebellion, initiated by the collapse of the Kurdish autonomy talks and the consequent Iraqi offensive against rebel KDP troops of Mustafa Barzani during 1974–1975. The war came in the aftermath of the First Iraqi–Kurdish War (1961–1970), as the 1970 peace plan for Kurdish autonomy had failed to be implemented by 1974. Unlike the previous guerrilla campaign in 1961–1970, waged by Barzani, the 1974 war was a Kurdish attempt at symmetric warfare against the Iraqi Army, which eventually led to the quick collapse of the Kurds, who were lacking advanced and heavy weaponry. The war ended with the exile of the Iraqi KDP party and between 7,000–20,000 deaths from both sides combined.