Taishang Huang

Taishang Huang
The honorific was first bestowed by Qin Shi Huang (depicted) to his deceased father King Zhuangxiang of Qin.
Chinese太上皇
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinTàishàng Huáng
Wade–GilesT'ai4-shang4 Huang2
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutpingtaai3 soeng6 wong4
Alternative Chinese name
Chinese太上皇帝
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinTàishàng Huángdì
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutpingtaai3 soeng6 wong4 dai3

In Chinese history, a Taishang Huang or Taishang Huangdi is an honorific and institution of a retired emperor. The former emperor had, at least in name, abdicated in favor of someone else. Although no longer the reigning sovereign, there are instances where the retired emperor became a power behind the throne, often exerting more power than the reigning emperor.