Post-Brexit United Kingdom relations with the European Union

United Kingdom–European Union relations



European Union	United Kingdom

Diplomatic mission
European Union Delegation, London	United Kingdom Mission, Brussels
Envoy
Ambassador João Vale de Almeida	Ambassador Lindsay Croisdale-Appleby

Timeline

Bloomberg speech	Jan 2013
Referendum Bill blocked	Jan 2014
European Parliament election	May 2014
2015 general election	May 2015
Renegotiation begins	Jun 2015
Referendum Act passed	Dec 2015
Renegotiation concluded	Feb 2016
Referendum held	Jun 2016
David Cameron resigns as PM	Jul 2016
Theresa May becomes PM	Jul 2016
Article 50 judgement	Jan 2017
Brexit plan presented	Feb 2017
Notification Act passed	Mar 2017
Article 50 invoked	Mar 2017
Repeal Bill plan presented	Mar 2017
2017 general election	Jun 2017
Brexit negotiations begin	Jun 2017
Withdrawal Act passed	Jun 2018
Chequers plan presented	Jul 2018
Withdrawal agreement plan presented	July 2018
Withdrawal agreement released	Nov 2018
Scottish Continuity Bill blocked	Dec 2018
Meaningful votes	Jan–Mar 2019
Brexit delayed until 12 April	Mar 2019
Cooper–Letwin Act passed	Apr 2019
Brexit delayed until 31 October	Apr 2019
European Parliament election	May 2019
Theresa May resigns as PM	Jul 2019
Boris Johnson becomes PM	Jul 2019
Prorogation and annulment	Aug–Sep 2019
Benn Act passed	Sep 2019
Withdrawal agreement revised	Oct 2019
Brexit delayed until 31 January	Oct 2019
2019 general election	Dec 2019
Agreement Act passed	Jan 2020
UK leaves the European Union	Jan 2020
Implementation period begins	Jan 2020
UK–EU trade deal agreed	Dec 2020
Future Relationship Act passed	Dec 2020
Scottish Continuity Act passed	Dec 2020
Implementation period ends	Dec 2020
New EU–UK relationship begins	Jan 2021
UK–EU trade deal ratified	Apr 2021
Windsor Framework released	Feb 2023
Windsor framework adopted	Mar 2023

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The United Kingdom's post-Brexit relationship with the European Union and its members is governed by the Brexit withdrawal agreement and the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement. The latter was negotiated in 2020 and has applied since January 2021.

Following the UK's withdrawal from the EU on 31 January 2020, the UK continued to conform to EU regulations and to participate in the EU Customs Union during the "Brexit transition period", which began on 1 February 2020 and ended on 31 December 2020. This allowed for a period of time to negotiate a bilateral trade agreement between the UK and the EU.