January 28 incident

January 28 incident
	Part of the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Interwar period
	; The Chinese 19th Route Army in a defensive position
Date	January 28 – March 3, 1932; (1 month and 4 days)
Location	In and around Shanghai, China
Result	Ceasefire;; Shanghai demilitarized
Belligerents
China	Japan
Commanders and leaders
19th Route Army: Jiang Guangnai; Cai Tingkai; 5th Army: Zhang Zhizhong;	Commander: Yoshinori Shirakawa; Chief of staff: Kanichiro Tashiro;
Units involved
19th Route Army; 5th Army	Shanghai Expeditionary Army; Imperial Japanese Navy
Strength
50,000	30,000; 80 ships; 300 aeroplanes
Casualties and losses
Western Claim :; 4,000 KIA; 10,000 civilians killed; ; Chinese Claim:; 216 officers and 3,999 soldiers killed; 677 officers and 9,153 soldiers wounded; 26 officers and 730 soldiers missing; Total : 14,801 killed, wounded, or missing (including 919 officers and 13,882 soldiers)	Western Estimate:; 3,000 KIA; Japanese Claim:; 738 killed; 2,257 wounded

The January 28 incident or Shanghai incident (January 28 – March 3, 1932) was a conflict between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. It took place in the Shanghai International Settlement which was under international control. Japanese army officers, defying higher authorities, had provoked anti-Japanese demonstrations in the International Settlement following the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. In apparent response to a mob attack on Buddhist monks, the Japanese in Shanghai rioted and burned down a factory, killing two Chinese. Heavy fighting broke out, and China appealed to the League of Nations. A truce was finally reached on May 5, calling for Japanese military withdrawal, and an end to Chinese boycotts of Japanese products. It is seen as the first example of a modern war waged in a large city between two heavily equipped armies and as a preview of what was to come during the Second World War.

The episode helped undermine civilian rule in Tokyo; Prime Minister Inukai Tsuyoshi was assassinated on May 15, 1932.