Wuxing (Chinese philosophy)

Wuxing
Chinese五行
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyinwǔxíng
Bopomofoㄨˇㄒㄧㄥˊ
Wade–Gileswu3-hsing2
IPA[ù.ɕǐŋ]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanizationngh-hàhng
IPA[ŋ.hɐŋ˩]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJNgó͘-hân
Ngó͘-hîng
Eastern Min
Fuzhou BUCNgū-hèng
ngũ hành
Vietnamese alphabetngũ hành
Chữ Hán五行

Wuxing (Chinese: 五行; pinyin: wǔxíng), usually translated as Five Phases or Five Agents, is a fivefold conceptual scheme used in many traditional Chinese fields of study to explain a wide array of phenomena, including terrestrial and celestial relationships, influences, and cycles, that characterise the interactions and relationships within science, medicine, politics, religion and social relationships and education within Chinese culture.

The five agents are traditionally associated with the classical planets Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn as depicted in the etymological section below. In ancient Chinese astronomy and astrology, that spread throughout East Asia, was a reflection of the seven-day planetary order of Fire, Water, Wood, Metal, Earth. When in their "heavenly stems" generative cycle as represented in the below cycles section and depicted in the diagram above running consecutively clockwise (Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, Water). When in their overacting destructive arrangement of Wood, Earth, Water, Fire, Metal, natural disasters, calamity, illnesses and disease will ensue.

The wuxing system has been in use since the second or first century BCE during the Han dynasty. It appears in many seemingly disparate fields of early Chinese thought, including music, feng shui, alchemy, astrology, martial arts, military strategy, I Ching divination, religion and traditional medicine, serving as a metaphysics based on cosmic analogy.