New Fourth Army incident

New Fourth Army Incident
	Part of the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War
Date	January 7–13, 1941; (6 days)
Location	Maolin, Jing County, Anhui Province
Result	Nationalist tactical victory; Communist propaganda victory
Belligerents
Republic of China KMT;	Republic of China CCP;
Commanders and leaders
Gu Zhutong; Shangguan Yunxiang; Huang Baitao	Ye Ting (POW); Xiang Ying †; Yuan Guoping †
Units involved
3rd Military Region 32nd Army Group;	New 4th Army
Strength
80,000	9,000
Casualties and losses
2,000+ casualties	7,000 dead, captured, or missing

The New Fourth Army Incident (Chinese: 新四軍事件), also known as the South Anhui Incident or Wannan Incident (Chinese: 皖南事變), occurred in China in January 1941 during the Second Sino-Japanese War, during which the Chinese Civil War was in theory suspended, uniting the Communists and Nationalists under a United Front against the Japanese. It is significant as the end of real cooperation between the Nationalists and Communists. Today, ROC and PRC historians view the New Fourth Army Incident differently. From the ROC point of view, the Communists attacked first and it was a punishment for the Communist insubordination; from the PRC view, it was Nationalist treachery.